Introduction
Exploring the world of contemporary dance can be both intriguing and overwhelming. With so many techniques, styles, and movements, it can be challenging to understand the differences between each form. However, diving deeper into each technique allows us to appreciate the unique attributes and characteristics that make contemporary dance an art form unlike any other. In this article, we will explore the different techniques used in contemporary dance, including Lester Horton, Release, Graham, Limon, Cunningham, Contact Improvisation, and Axis Syllabus. Each technique will be examined, starting with its origins and description, followed by how it is trained and the specific features that make it stand out. By the end of this article, you will have a better understanding of the various techniques used in contemporary dance and the beauty of each form.
Definition of Contemporary Dance
Contemporary dance is a style of dance that developed in the mid-20th century and has since evolved to encompass a wide range of techniques and approaches. It is a form of dance that is highly expressive and often explores complex themes and emotions. Unlike classical ballet or other traditional dance forms, contemporary dance is not bound by rigid rules or conventions. Instead, it is marked by a spirit of experimentation and a willingness to push boundaries and challenge the expectations of audiences.
Characteristics of Contemporary Dance:
- Contemporary dance is highly expressive and often explores complex themes and emotions.
- It is not bound by rigid rules or conventions like classical ballet.
- It involves fluid, unpredictable movements.
- Contemporary dance often incorporates elements of improvisation and experimentation.
- It emphasizes the individuality of the performer, rather than conformity to a set style or technique.
- The music used in contemporary dance can range from classical to pop to experimental.
Contemporary dance also often involves a strong sense of collaboration between dancers, choreographers, and other artists. The use of technology in contemporary dance performances has become increasingly common, with projections, lighting effects, and other visual elements used to enhance the overall effect of a performance.
Contemporary dance is a highly dynamic form of dance that continues to evolve and innovate. It has been shaped by a range of influences, from the political and social upheavals of the mid-20th century to the ongoing evolution of popular culture. As such, it offers a rich and endlessly fascinating subject for study and exploration.
(Source: Origins of Contemporary Dance: Tracing the Roots of Modern Dance)
Lester Horton technique
As contemporary dance continues to evolve, it has become a fusion of various techniques that take inspiration from modern, jazz, and classical styles. One technique that has garnered attention is the Lester Horton technique, named after its creator who was a prominent figure in the dance world during the mid-1900s. This technique combines elements of Native American dance, Japanese arm movements, and anatomical principles to create a unique form of movement. Let’s dive deeper into this technique to understand its origin, training, and features.
Origin and Description
Lester Horton technique
The Lester Horton technique was created by Lester Horton (1906-1953), an American dancer and choreographer. He began training in Native American dance traditions and later studied ballet, modern dance, and other non-western dance forms. He sought to create a technique that was based on anatomical principles and that could be used by dancers of all body types.
Release technique
The Release technique was developed in the 1970s by dancer and choreographer Trisha Brown. This technique is based on the idea that holding tension in the body creates inefficiencies in movement. The goal is to release that tension and allow the body to move freely.
Graham technique
The Graham technique was created by Martha Graham (1894-1991), an American dancer and choreographer. She sought to create a technique that expressed primal human emotions and experiences. Her technique involves contraction and release of the muscles, and emphasizes the connection between breath and movement.
Limon technique
The Limon technique was created by Jose Limon (1908-1972), a Mexican-American dancer and choreographer. His technique is influenced by his background in Mexican folk dance and his study of modern dance with Doris Humphrey. The Limon technique emphasizes fall and recovery, as well as the use of weight in movement.
Cunningham technique
The Cunningham technique was created by Merce Cunningham (1919-2009), an American dancer and choreographer. His technique is based on the idea of chance, where movement is not predetermined and is instead based on the moment. Cunningham also favored a separation of movement and music, where the two are independent of each other.
Contact Improvisation technique
The Contact Improvisation technique is a form of dance improvisation that was developed in the 1970s by Steve Paxton. This technique involves two or more individuals engaging in physical contact and improvising movement together. The focus is on the relationship between the dancers, the weight of their bodies, and their responses to each other’s movements.
Axis Syllabus technique
The Axis Syllabus technique was developed in the 1980s by Frey Faust. This technique is based on the study of biomechanics and anatomy, and seeks to improve the efficiency and safety of movement. The focus is on finding the most efficient pathways for movement and avoiding unnecessary strain on the body.
Each contemporary dance technique has its own unique origin story and approach to movement. By studying and practicing different techniques, dancers can expand their knowledge and abilities, and create their own unique style.
Training
Training in contemporary dance varies depending on the technique. However, all techniques require a significant amount of physical strength, flexibility, and endurance. Dancers training in contemporary dance must also have a strong understanding of the anatomy of the body.
The following table summarizes the training required for each technique:
| Technique | Training Requirements |
|---|---|
| Lester Horton | Dancers need to master a series of exercises that focus on strength and flexibility such as flat-backs, lateral T, and primitive squats. The technique requires a strong center, fluidity of movement, and an emphasis on parallel alignment. |
| Release | Dancers begin by focusing on exploring the connection between breath and movement. Release technique requires a strong understanding of the spine, the principles of grounding and rebound, and floorwork. Dancers often practice improvisation exercises to develop their own movement vocabulary. |
| Graham | The Graham technique involves exercises that require a significant amount of abdominal strength and flexibility such as contract and release, spiral, and hinge. Dancers must also learn the Graham walk, a stylized way of walking that involves an isolated contraction of the torso. |
| Limon | The Limon technique is based on principles of fall and recovery. Dancers train to control their movements through a series of fall and recovery exercises. The technique also requires a strong understanding of breath and the use of weight and momentum. |
| Cunningham | The Cunningham technique requires a high degree of technical skill and strength. Dancers must master complex movement phrases that involve isolations, precision of gesture, and an emphasis on rhythm and timing. |
| Contact Improvisation | The technique emphasizes the exploration of weight, balance, and momentum through partnering exercises. Dancers learn how to communicate non-verbally and respond to one another’s movements. Improvisation is an essential component of the technique. |
| Axis Syllabus | The Axis Syllabus technique focuses on the mechanics of the body and how they relate to movement. Dancers learn about the skeletal structure, joint function, and principles of physics as they apply to movement. The technique utilizes a wide vocabulary of movements that draw from various dance traditions. |
The training for contemporary dance requires a high level of physical discipline and coordination. Dancers must also have a deep understanding of the principles and techniques that inform their practice.
Features
Features of Lester Horton Technique:
- The technique is characterized by a strong emphasis on flexibility and strength training.
- It aims to create strong, athletic dancers who can perform a wide range of movement vocabulary.
- The technique features parallel positions and flat backs, which work to develop strong core muscles.
- Horton technique also includes lateral stretches and spiraling movements that increase spinal flexibility and encourage fluidity in movement.
- The technique utilizes a series of exercises that work to build strength and control in the legs, hips, and abdominals, which are essential for supporting movements in the upper body.
- Horton technique prioritizes the use of breath as a way to connect the movement to the performer’s inner experience, making it an emotionally charged style.
Features of Release Technique:
- Release technique is characterized by a focus on natural alignment and fluidity of movement.
- It promotes the idea that the body should be free from tension and strives for a sense of weightlessness and ease in movement.
- The technique encourages the use of breath as a way to release tension and create flow in movement.
- Release technique emphasizes off-balance movement and the use of momentum, which create a sense of falling into and out of movement.
- Dancers are encouraged to move in and out of the floor with ease, utilizing slides and falls that emphasize the weight of the body.
- The technique also prioritizes improvisation as a way to develop a deep sense of body awareness and to cultivate trust in one’s instincts.
Features of Graham Technique:
- Graham technique is characterized by its dramatic, sharp movements and use of contractions and releases.
- The technique emphasizes the spiral shape of the body and is designed to create a sense of tension and release that mimics the emotional highs and lows of life.
- It utilizes deep plies and high extensions, which work to develop both strength and flexibility.
- Graham technique also emphasizes the use of the pelvis as the center of movement, which creates a sense of power and control in the dancer.
- The technique is known for its theatricality and for the way in which it draws from archetypal cultural themes, such as mythology and religion.
- Graham technique is also recognized for its use of floor work and for its ability to create powerful, dynamic group choreography.
Features of Limon Technique:
- Limon technique is characterized by its use of fall and recovery, which involves throwing the body off balance and then recovering gracefully.
- The technique emphasizes the use of breath to create flow and to connect with the performer’s own emotional experience.
- Limon technique prioritizes the use of suspension, which creates an illusion of weightlessness and fluidity in movement.
- The technique is built on a series of movement phrases that aim to create dynamic, full-bodied movement.
- Limon technique also emphasizes the use of shape and gesture, which are used to convey emotional content and to create a sense of unity among performers.
- The technique is known for its lyrical quality and its use of expansive, gestural movement.
Features of Cunningham Technique:
- Cunningham technique is characterized by its emphasis on isolated movements, that should be performed with both power and control.
- It emphasizes the idea of “pure movement” and aims to create a sense of weightlessness and effortlessness in the performer.
- The technique utilizes a lot of spirals, tilts and twists, which are used to create a sense of three-dimensionality and fluidity in movement.
- Cunningham technique encourages the use of chance procedures as a way to create unique and unexpected movement vocabularies.
- The technique also promotes the use of technology in dance performances, incorporating elements such as motion sensors and computer-generated sound.
Features of Contact Improvisation Technique:
- Contact improvisation encourages the use of touch and physical contact between performers as a way to create movement.
- The technique emphasizes the use of weight sharing, which involves one or more performers using their body weight to support and move another performer.
- Contact improvisation prioritizes improvisation and encourages performers to explore their own movement vocabularies in relation to the group.
- The technique is characterized by its focus on momentum and flow, as well its use of rolling, sliding and sliding movements.
- Performers also engage in a process of listening and responding to each other’s movements, with a focus on creating a sense of unity and connectedness within the group.
Features of Axis Syllabus Techniqu:(link)
- Axis syllabus is characterized by its focus on anatomical exploration and injury prevention.
- The technique centers on learning the inner workings of the body and creating movement that is safe and efficient.
- Axis syllabus includes a wide range of movements, all of which are deeply rooted in the mechanics of the body.
- The technique places particular focus on alignment, the use of breath and the distribution of weight.
- Performers are encouraged to find their own movement vocabulary through improvisation, and to use their knowledge of the body’s mechanics to inform their movement choices.
- Axis syllabus incorporates elements from a wide range of movement practices, including martial arts, acrobatics, and dance forms from around the world.
Release technique
The human body is capable of more dynamic movement than we often give it credit for, and contemporary dance provides a playground for exploring that potential. One technique that has become increasingly popular is a highly kinetic and physically demanding method called Release technique. This technique focuses on finding efficiency in movement and incorporates elements of ballet, modern dance, and improvisation. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at the origins, training, and defining features of Release technique, as well as other contemporary dance techniques shaping the dance world today.
Origin and Description
Lester Horton technique
The Lester Horton technique is a modern dance technique that was created by Lester Horton, an American dancer, and choreographer. He started his dance career in the vaudeville circuit and later founded the Lester Horton Dance Theater in Los Angeles. The technique focuses on whole-body movements, emphasizing strength, flexibility, and fluidity.
Release technique
The Release technique was created by the choreographer Joan Skinner, who founded the Joan Skinner Dance Company. This technique is centered on the idea of releasing muscle tension to achieve greater freedom and fluidity of movement. Dancers focus on breathing and using gravity to initiate movement.
Graham technique
The Graham technique is a modern dance technique created by choreographer Martha Graham, who was known for her expressive and dramatic performances. The technique focuses on the use of the pelvic contraction, which is used to initiate movement and create a sense of groundedness.
Limon technique
The Limon technique was created by dancer and choreographer Jose Limon, who was a student of Doris Humphrey and Charles Weidman. The technique is based on the idea of natural rhythm and flow. Dancers emphasize the use of breath, weight, and suspension to create a sense of momentum and fluidity in their movements.
Cunningham technique
The Cunningham technique was created by dancer and choreographer Merce Cunningham, who was known for his avant-garde approach to dance. The technique is centered on the use of chance procedures to create movement, with each part of the body moving independently of the others. Cunningham’s approach was heavily influenced by pop culture and technology, and he often collaborated with artists from other disciplines.
Contact Improvisation technique
The Contact Improvisation technique was created by Steve Paxton in the 1970s. This technique is centered around the idea of improvisation and communication between dancers. It involves two or more dancers using touch and physical contact to explore movement together, often in a playful and interactive way.
Axis Syllabus technique
The Axis Syllabus technique was developed by Frey Faust in the 1990s. This technique is based on scientific principles and focuses on optimizing the body’s natural movement patterns. It incorporates elements from a wide range of movement traditions, including contemporary dance, martial arts, and gymnastics, to create a comprehensive movement system.
Each contemporary dance technique has its own unique origins and characteristics, making the art form diverse and constantly evolving. With the introduction of new technologies and ideas, it will be exciting to see what future trends and innovations will shape the world of contemporary dance.
Training
Training is an integral part of mastering any dance technique, and contemporary dance is no exception. Each contemporary dance technique has its own distinct training regime that emphasizes different aspects of dance performance. Here’s a table that provides a brief overview of the training involved in each of the techniques discussed in this article:
| Technique | Training Overview |
|---|---|
| Lester Horton | The technique involves a series of exercises designed to build strength, flexibility, and alignment. Training includes: floor work, extensive stretching, weight-bearing exercises, and basic dance vocabulary. |
| Release | This technique emphasizes tension release and creates a focus on breathing and energy flow. Training includes: exploring qualities of movement, experimenting with improvisation, and basic dance vocabulary. |
| Graham | The Graham technique emphasizes contraction and release and uses the floor as a source of support. Training includes: centering exercises, floor work, and basic dance vocabulary. |
| Limon | The Limon technique emphasizes the use of natural body weight and incorporates fall and recovery. Training includes: exercises to increase strength and flexibility, floor work, and basic dance vocabulary. |
| Cunningham | The Cunningham technique focuses on the isolation of individual body parts and emphasizes the use of chance procedures. Training includes: emphasis on alignment and control, exercises focusing on balance and coordination, and basic dance vocabulary. |
| Contact Improvisation | This technique involves partnering exercises that emphasize touch and communication. Training includes: learning partner lifts, improvisation exercises, and basic dance vocabulary. |
| Axis Syllabus | This technique involves understanding anatomy and biomechanics and focuses on safe and efficient movement. Training includes: learning about anatomy, engaging in exploratory movement exercises, and basic dance vocabulary. |
It’s important to note that regardless of the technique, proper training involves regular practice and dedication. By following and adhering to the training regimes associated with each technique, dancers can attain mastery and fluency in contemporary dance performance.
Features
After discussing the origin and training involved in the various techniques of contemporary dance, let’s delve into the features that distinguish each one.
| Technique | Features |
|————————|—————————————————————————————–|
| Lester Horton | Dynamic movements with both fluid and sharp qualities, emphasizing the core, and the use of parallel legs |
| Release | Effortless movement with a heavy focus on breathing, using gravity to move limbs, and articulating the spine |
| Graham | Contractions and releases of the torso, sharp and angular movements, and a focus on breath |
| Limon | Use of fall and recovery technique, fluid and lyrical movement quality, and an emphasis on weight distribution |
| Cunningham | Isolated movement of different body parts, emphasis on the use of the back, and a focus on the sequential flow of movement |
| Contact Improvisation | Partner-work with close physical contact, shared weight between partners, and improvisational movement |
| Axis Syllabus | Incorporation of anatomy and biomechanics into movement, utilizing the principles of physics, and a focus on functional movement for injury prevention |
As seen from the table above, each technique has its distinctive characteristics that set it apart from the others. Some emphasize movement quality, such as release and Limon technique, while others focus on specific body parts or partnering, such as Cunningham and contact improvisation. The axis syllabus technique incorporates anatomy and biomechanics, making it a safe and effective technique for dancers. Regardless of the differences between each technique, they all share a passion for expression through movement and a dedication to the art of contemporary dance.
Graham technique
When exploring the vast and dynamic world of contemporary dance, one cannot ignore the impact and significance of the pioneering Martha Graham technique. This style, developed by the renowned modern dancer and choreographer, has been practiced and adapted by countless dancers and continues to influence contemporary dance today. Let us delve deeper into the nuances and features of this influential technique.
Origin and Description
Lester Horton technique is a contemporary dance technique that was created by Lester Horton, an American dancer and choreographer in the early 20th century. The technique is known for its diverse movements that incorporated many elements from other dance styles.
The release technique is a contemporary dance technique that was developed in the early 1970s by choreographer and dance teacher, Joan Skinner. The technique emphasizes the use of breath, weight, and momentum control in dance movements.
Graham technique is a contemporary dance technique that was developed by Martha Graham, a pioneer of modern dance. The technique is known for its strong and dramatic movements that aimed to express inner emotions and feelings through dance.
Limon technique is a contemporary dance technique that was developed by Jose Limon, a Mexican-American dancer and choreographer. The technique is known for its fluid and natural movements that focus on the use of breath, weight, and gravity in dance.
Cunningham technique is a contemporary dance technique that was developed by Merce Cunningham, an American dancer and choreographer. The technique emphasizes the use of the body’s natural movements and its relationship to music.
Contact improvisation technique is a contemporary dance technique that was developed in the 1970s by Steve Paxton. The technique involves dancers improvising movements based on the physical contact between them.
Axis Syllabus technique is a contemporary dance technique that was developed by Frey Faust in the 1990s. The technique focuses on exploring human anatomy and movement patterns to create efficient and safe dance movements. It includes concepts from other disciplines such as biomechanics, physics, and somatics.
Technique | Origin | Description
Lester Horton | Early 20th Century, USA | Diverse movements incorporating elements from other dance styles.
Release | 1970s, USA | Emphasizes use of breath, weight, and momentum control in dance movements.
Graham | Early 20th Century, USA | Strong and dramatic movements that express inner emotions and feelings.
Limon | Mid-20th Century, USA | Fluid and natural movements that focus on the use of breath, weight, and gravity in dance.
Cunningham | Mid-20th Century, USA | Emphasizes the use of the body’s natural movements and its relationship to music.
Contact Improvisation | 1970s, USA | Dancers improvising movements based on physical contact between them.
Axis Syllabus | 1990s, Europe | Exploration of human anatomy and movement patterns to create efficient and safe dance movements.
Training
Training: The training for each contemporary dance technique varies, but a common theme among them is a strong focus on foundational techniques such as ballet and modern dance. Additionally, each technique has its own unique training methods and requirements.
Here is a table summarizing the training methods for each technique:
| Technique | Training Methods |
|---|---|
| Lester Horton | The technique often includes floor work, and dance combinations that flow from one side of the stage to another. This technique emphasizes the use of the torso and the importance of geometric shapes. |
| Release | This technique emphasizes the use of gravity and breath to achieve fluid and organic movements. Classes often begin with a warm-up on the floor and progress to standing exercises and improvisation. |
| Graham | Classes focus on the contraction and release of the torso, and dramatic, angular movements. The technique often includes floor work, including the use of spirals, and progressions across the floor. |
| Limon | The technique emphasizes the use of breath, suspension, and dynamic qualities such as weight and momentum. Classes often include exercises on the floor, across the floor, and in the center. |
| Cunningham | This technique emphasizes the use of rhythm, timing, and chance procedures in choreography. Classes often include exercises for balance and alignment, and a focus on individual interpretations of set movements. |
| Contact Improvisation | This technique emphasizes the use of touch and weight-sharing in dance, and the importance of improvisation and interpretation in partnering. Classes often include exercises for partnering and improvisation. |
| Axis Syllabus | The technique emphasizes the use of anatomical knowledge to achieve safe and efficient movement. Classes often include exercises for joint mobility, alignment, and body mechanics. |
Each contemporary dance technique places emphasis on different aspects of movement and requires a unique approach to training. Nonetheless, foundational techniques such as ballet and modern dance are often integrated into the training for all techniques.
Features
After analyzing and understanding the origins and training methodologies of the different contemporary dance techniques, it is important to explore their unique features that distinguish them from each other. Below are some of the features that are commonly associated with each of these dance styles:
- Lester Horton technique: The technique emphasizes strength, flexibility, and fluidity in movement. It features a combination of ballet and modern dance elements, with a strong emphasis on asymmetrical movement of the torso and limbs. Dancers who use this technique create angular and sculptural shapes that require a great deal of control and precision.
- Release technique: This technique emphasizes the use of the breath to initiate and sustain movement. It focuses on the conscious release and relaxation of tension in the body, allowing the dancer to move with greater ease and fluidity. One of the distinctive features of this technique is the use of flow, momentum, and suspension in movement.
- Graham technique: This technique is characterized by its use of contraction and release. It emphasizes the connection between breathing and movement, and uses spiral and circular movements to create a sense of fluidity and continuity. Dancers who use this technique create strong, grounded movements that use the floor as a source of energy.
- Limon technique: This technique emphasizes the use of suspension, weight, and fall and recovery in movement. It is characterized by its use of breath, opposition, and rhythmic phrasing. Dancers who use this technique create spacious, flowing movements that are both fluid and controlled.
- Cunningham technique: This technique emphasizes the use of chance in movement. It involves the use of isolated movements that are not necessarily connected to one another, creating a sense of disconnection and unpredictability. It also involves the use of off-balance movements and a strong focus on the legs as a source of movement.
- Contact Improvisation technique: This technique focuses on the exploration of weight, momentum, and balance in movement. It involves improvisational movement that is initiated by touch and uses constant physical communication between two or more dancers. The technique is characterized by its use of lifts, falls, and rolls, as well as its focus on improvisation and playful experimentation in movement.
- Axis Syllabus technique: This technique involves the study of human anatomy and biomechanics in movement. It emphasizes the use of natural movement patterns and focuses on injury prevention and alignment. Dancers who use this technique explore a variety of movements, including jumps, spins, and balancing, with a strong emphasis on physical efficiency and functional alignment.
Each of these dance techniques has its unique features that make it a distinct and powerful form of expression. By understanding these features, dancers can better understand the possibilities and limitations of each technique, and use them to create their unique style and expression.
Limon technique
As we continue our exploration of the different techniques used in contemporary dance, we come across a method that is known for its fluidity and refined use of breath and weight. This technique was developed by dancer and choreographer Jose Limon in the 1940s, with the goal of creating dance movements that reflected emotional and psychological themes. The Limon technique highlights the importance of grounding oneself in the body while maintaining a sense of lightness and expression. Let’s dive deeper into the origin, training, and features of this captivating contemporary dance style.
Origin and Description
Lester Horton technique is named after its founder Lester Horton. It is a style of contemporary dance that originated in California in the 1930s and 1940s. This technique is a fusion of various dance styles including ballet, modern dance, Native American dance, Japanese dance, and Afro-Caribbean dance. Lester Horton was known for his focus on creating a strong, athletic, and expressive dancer.
Release technique is based on the idea of releasing tension in the body to achieve a greater range of movement. It was developed by Mary Fulkerson in the 1970s in New York City. This technique emphasizes the use of breath and gravity to initiate and sustain movement. In release technique, dancers learn to move from the bones rather than the muscles, allowing for a more organic and fluid movement quality.
Graham technique is named after its creator Martha Graham. It is a style of modern dance that originated in the early 20th century. Graham’s technique is characterized by the use of contraction and release, which represents an emotional and physical tension and release. The technique emphasizes the use of breath and the center of gravity, which helps dancers to find their balance and alignment.
Limon technique is named after its founder José Limón. It is a modern dance style that originated in the 1940s and is still widely practiced today. Limon technique focuses on the use of weight and balance, which allows for a greater range of motion and expression. Dancers in Limon technique learn to move through space with fluidity and control.
Cunningham technique is named after its founder Merce Cunningham. It is a form of modern dance that emerged in the mid-20th century. Cunningham’s technique emphasizes the use of the whole body, incorporating movements that are often unpredictable and varied. This technique is known for its use of chance elements, where dancers may perform movements in a random order, creating a unique choreography each time.
Contact Improvisation technique is a form of dance that was created by Steve Paxton in the 1970s. In this technique, dancers use touch and physical contact to create improvised movements. This technique promotes a sense of connection and communication between dancers, allowing for a greater sense of collaboration and creativity.
Axis Syllabus technique is a contemporary movement system that was developed by dancers Frey Faust and Kira Kirsch. This technique focuses on the biomechanics of the body, allowing dancers to move with greater efficiency and safety. Axis Syllabus technique emphasizes the use of specific anatomical principles, such as joint articulation, fascial tension, and muscle function, to create movement sequences.
| Technique | Origin | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lester Horton technique | California, 1930s-1940s | Fusion of various dance styles, focuses on creating strong and expressive dancers |
| Release technique | New York City, 1970s | Emphasizes releasing tension in the body and using breath and gravity for movement |
| Graham technique | Early 20th century | Uses contraction and release, emphasizes breath and center of gravity for balance and alignment |
| Limon technique | 1940s | Focuses on using weight and balance, allowing for fluid movement |
| Cunningham technique | Mid-20th century | Uses the whole body, often incorporates chance elements for unpredictable movement |
| Contact Improvisation technique | 1970s | Uses physical contact for improvised movement and collaboration between dancers |
| Axis Syllabus technique | Developed by Frey Faust and Kira Kirsch | Focuses on biomechanics and anatomical principles for efficient and safe movement |
Training
In contemporary dance, each technique requires specific training to master the movements and embody their unique style. This training typically involves a combination of elements such as alignment, technique drills, improvisation, and partnering work. Below is a table detailing the training aspects of some of the most popular contemporary dance techniques:
| Technique | Training Elements |
|---|---|
| Lester Horton technique | Sequential movement exercises: These are exercises that break down each movement into smaller components, allowing the dancer to master each part before integrating them into the full movement. Pilates: Pilates exercises help develop a strong core and improve alignment. Circular and three-dimensional movements: The Horton technique emphasizes movements that are not limited to one plane, requiring the dancer to move in a circular and fluid way. |
| Release technique | Connection to breath: The release technique focuses on using breath to initiate and support movement. Exploration of weight and momentum: Dancers learn to use their body weight and gravity to create fluid, continuous movement. Exercises in finding release: Release technique training incorporates exercises aimed at freeing the dancer from habitual movement patterns and tension. |
| Graham technique | Contraction and release: The foundational principle of the Graham technique is the use of contraction and release of the core muscles. Flat-back exercises: These exercises focus on deepening the contraction of the abdominal muscles to create a flat back position. Spiral and circular movements: Graham technique incorporates twisted and circular movements, requiring the dancer to engage the entire body to execute them correctly. |
| Limon technique | Suspension and release: Limon technique emphasizes the use of suspension and release to create fluid and expressive movement. Breath: Breathing exercises are used to initiate movement and help the dancer find a sense of ease and flow. Partner and group work: Limon technique often involves partnering and group work, which allows dancers to explore weight-sharing and develop their spatial awareness. |
| Cunningham technique | Isolation: Cunningham technique involves isolating individual body parts, allowing the dancer to explore unique movement possibilities. Chance procedures: Dancers may use chance-based systems, such as rolling a dice, to determine the order or sequence of movements they perform. Off-balance movements: Cunningham technique encourages the dancer to explore off-balance movements, which add an element of unpredictability to the dance. |
| Contact Improvisation technique | Partnering: Contact improvisation heavily involves partnering work, requiring dancers to communicate, trust, and respond to each other’s movements. Weight-sharing: Dancers learn to use each other’s weight to create fluid and organic movements. Connection to the ground: Contact improvisation involves movements that require the dancer to be in constant contact with the ground, encouraging them to explore their relationship to gravity and balance. |
| Axis Syllabus technique | Anatomical knowledge: Axis syllabus training involves an in-depth study of anatomy, allowing dancers to understand how their body moves and functions. Learning through movement: Dancers often learn new movements through experimentation and play, focusing on how the movement feels in their body rather than aesthetics. Adaptability and versatility: Axis syllabus training emphasizes the importance of adaptability and versatility, encouraging dancers to explore a wide range of movement possibilities. |
Each technique’s training is unique and requires the dancer to approach movement in different ways. The combination of these training elements allows contemporary dance to be a versatile and expressive art form.
Features
After introducing each contemporary dance technique, it’s important to understand their unique features. Here’s a breakdown of the features of each technique discussed in this article:
| Technique | Features |
|---|---|
| Lester Horton technique | The technique’s strong emphasis on codified anatomical positions and symmetry sets it apart from other contemporary techniques. Students also learn to move from their center, using fluidity and dynamic changes of levels to create strong, dynamic performances. |
| Release technique | The release technique’s focus on breath and gravity allows dancers to easily move between movements and efficiently utilize momentum. The technique also emphasizes a sense of community through group improvisation and active listening. |
| Graham technique | The Graham technique is characterized by its contraction and release movement style, as well as its emphasis on spinal articulation and floor work. Dancers also learn to express emotions through movement, creating tension and drama on the stage. |
| Limon technique | The technique utilizes fall and recovery movements to create fluid, weightless movements. Dancers also learn to move through space using large, sweeping gestures and to utilize breath to facilitate movement. The technique also emphasizes partner work and connection between dancers. |
| Cunningham technique | The Cunningham technique values pure movement and emphasizes the importance of individualism in dance. Dancers perform fluid, abstract movements with an emphasis on spatial awareness and rhythmic complexity. The technique also emphasizes a focus on the present moment and encourages improvisation. |
| Contact Improvisation technique | This technique emphasizes partner work and the creation of movement through a shared weight between dancers. Dancers actively listen to each other’s movements and respond in the moment, often incorporating floor work and lifts. |
| Axis Syllabus technique | The Axis Syllabus technique values a scientific understanding of the body and emphasizes injury prevention. Dancers learn to move efficiently and utilize anatomical knowledge to create dynamic, powerful movements. The technique also values improvisation and a sense of community through group movement exploration. |
Each contemporary dance technique has its own unique style and features. Understanding these features can help dancers choose a technique or combination of techniques that suit their artistic goals and movement style.
Cunningham technique
Exploring the world of contemporary dance, we come across a plethora of techniques that have evolved over time. One of the most distinctive and unconventional techniques in this dance form is often known as a non-traditional approach towards movement. This technique is attributed to the American choreographer Merce Cunningham, who revolutionized the world of modern dance with his unique philosophies and movement vocabulary. The technique developed by Cunningham is characterized by its emphasis on clarity and precision of movement, while also encouraging dancers to explore the potential of their bodies in the most unconventional ways possible. Let’s delve deeper into the origin, training, and distinct features of the Cunningham technique.
Origin and Description
The Lester Horton technique was created by Lester Horton, an American dancer and choreographer, in the 1930s. This technique is a fusion of a variety of dance styles, including Native American dance, ballet, jazz and modern dance. The main principle of the technique is that it emphasizes on a strong, solid core and a focus on extension and flexibility. The technique consists of a series of exercises, which progress from simple to complex, and are designed to challenge the dancer both technically and physically.
The Release technique, also known as the “Gravity technique,” was created by Joan Skinner in the 1970s. The technique focuses on using the body’s natural weight and momentum to create movement. The technique encourages dancers to release muscular tension and connect with their breath, in order to achieve fluid and effortless movement. The technique also emphasizes on the use of improvisation and experimentation in movement.
The Graham technique was created by American dancer and choreographer Martha Graham in the 1920s. The technique is based on the principle of “contraction and release,” and aims to connect the dancer with their emotional and spiritual core. The technique involves a series of exercises, which focus on the use of breath, the contraction and release of the torso, and the spiraling movement of the limbs. The technique emphasizes on the use of strong, sharp movements and dramatic expression.
The Limon technique was created by Mexican dancer and choreographer Jose Limon in the 1940s. The technique is based on the principles of breath, suspension, fall and recovery. The technique aims to create a balance between the physical and emotional aspects of dance, and encourages dancers to explore their range of movement and musicality. The technique consists of a series of exercises, which emphasize on the use of weight and counterbalance, and the fluidity of movement.
The Cunningham technique was created by American dancer and choreographer Merce Cunningham in the 1940s. The technique is based on the use of chance and randomness in choreography, and aims to explore the relationship between movement and music. The technique involves a series of exercises, which focus on the use of the torso and limbs, and the exploration of different movement qualities and speeds. The technique emphasizes on the use of spatial and directional awareness.
The Contact Improvisation technique was created by American dancer and choreographer Steve Paxton in the 1970s. The technique is based on the use of touch, weight-sharing and improvisation. The technique involves a series of exercises, which encourage dancers to connect with their partners and explore different movement possibilities through touch and movement. The technique emphasizes on the use of trust, communication and listening skills.
The Axis Syllabus technique was created by Frey Faust, an American dancer and phylosophist, in the 1990s. The technique is based on an anatomical and biomechanical approach to movement. The technique involves a series of exercises, which focus on the use of joint articulation, muscle function, and the understanding of different physical laws. The technique emphasizes on the use of efficiency and safety in movement.
Each of these techniques offers a unique approach to dance and movement, and provides dancers with a wide range of tools and techniques to create and explore their own movement style.
Training
Each contemporary dance technique requires a specific type of training in order to master its unique features. Here are the details of the training involved in each of the following contemporary dance techniques:
- Lester Horton technique: Dancers practicing the Horton technique typically begin each class with a set of exercises focused on alignment and balance. These exercises are followed by a series of movement combinations focused on building strength, flexibility and technical accuracy. Dancers are taught to use their breath as a tool for emphasizing the movements and expelling tension. The technique also emphasizes the strength and mobility of the torso.
- Release technique: In release technique, dancers focus on shifting their weight and using gravity to influence their movements. Training typically involves exploring various states and qualities of movement, including fluidity, flow, and spaciousness. Dancers are taught to release tension in their muscles, and to move from their core rather than relying on peripheral muscles. The technique prioritizes improvisation and exploring physical impulses in a safe and supported environment.
- Graham technique: The Graham technique emphasizes the contraction and release of the body, breathing, and dramatic expression. The training involves exercises focused on torso and leg work, including the development of strong, grounded movements such as spirals, contractions, and falls. Dancers are encouraged to explore the emotional and psychological facets of movement, engaging in improvisation exercises aimed at developing their own unique movement vocabulary.
- Limon technique: The Limon technique is based on the principles of fall and recovery, using momentum to create expressive and fluid movements. Training typically involves floor work as well as exercises focused on developing breath control, flexibility, and balance. Dancers are taught to use their arms and legs to initiate movement, and to create smooth transitions between movements.
- Cunningham technique: The Cunningham technique focuses on the concept of “chance operations,” or trusting one’s physical impulses to create movement. The training involves exercises aimed at building strength and flexibility, particularly in the legs and feet. Dancers also work on developing an awareness of the mechanics of movement, focusing on precision, release and fluidity.
- Contact Improvisation technique: Contact improvisation is based on the principles of weight sharing and improvisation. Training involves exercises focused on developing trust and communication skills between partners, as well as the exploration of partnering and falling techniques. Dancers also work on developing their own unique movement vocabulary, responding to the movements of their partners in a continuous flow of improvisation.
- Axis Syllabus technique: The Axis Syllabus technique emphasizes the science of human movement, using anatomical knowledge to inform movement choices. Training involves exercises aimed at building strength and flexibility, as well as exploring the mechanics and capabilities of the body. Dancers are encouraged to experiment with a broad range of movements and to develop their own unique movement style based on their anatomical knowledge.
Each contemporary dance technique requires a unique approach to training, tailoring the approach to the specific set of features highlighted by that technique. While the focus of each technique may differ, they all share a focus on exploring the expressive potential of the human body through movement.
Features
The different techniques used in contemporary dance have their own unique features that distinguish them from one another. Let’s take a closer look at the features of each technique:
| Technique | Features |
|---|---|
| Lester Horton | The technique is grounded and focuses on hard-hitting, angular movements that emphasize control of the torso and limbs. It also incorporates a lot of parallel and turned out positions. Dancers often perform on one leg, and the technique incorporates many floor exercises. |
| Release | The technique emphasizes natural, relaxed movements and encourages dancers to let go of tension in their bodies. Movements often start from the torso and flow through the limbs, creating a sense of fluidity and continuity in the dance. It also incorporates floorwork and fall and recovery movements. |
| Graham | This technique is characterized by its sharp, angular movements and its emphasis on contraction and release of the muscles. The technique also involves a lot of spiraling movements and hinges on the concept of “center” and using the powerhouse of the body. Dancers often perform on bare feet and wear form-fitting clothing, such as leotards and tights. |
| Limon | The technique emphasizes natural movement and breath and focuses on the use of weight and fall and recovery. Movements often start from the core and radiate outwards, creating a sense of flow and extension in the dance. The technique also incorporates a lot of suspension and release movements. |
| Cunningham | The technique emphasizes the isolation of different body parts and their individual movements. It also incorporates a lot of chance, meaning that movements are often chosen at random to create a sense of spontaneity and unpredictability. The technique also places a lot of emphasis on the use of the back and the torso in movement. |
| Contact Improvisation | This technique involves a lot of partner work and relies on a sense of trust and communication between dancers. Movements are often improvised and created in the moment, with dancers sharing weight and supporting each other through lifts and falls. The technique also emphasizes the use of the floor and encourages a sense of playfulness and experimentation in movement. |
| Axis Syllabus | This technique focuses on anatomical principles and aims to prevent injury by teaching dancers how to move in a safe and efficient manner. It also incorporates a lot of improvisation and encourages dancers to be creative and playful in their movement. The technique is also known for its use of balls, poles, and other props to aid in movement exploration. |
Each contemporary dance technique has its own unique features that contribute to the overall style and aesthetic of the dance form. By understanding these features, dancers can better understand the principles behind each technique and use them to develop their own individual style and movement vocabulary.
Contact Improvisation technique
One of the most fluid and spontaneous forms of contemporary dance is characterized by the use of intuitive movements and shared momentum between performers. This form of dance is known as contact improvisation and it emerged in the 1970s as a response to the highly structured and rigid movements of modern dance. Unlike most traditional dance techniques, contact improvisation places a strong emphasis on touch and physical interactions between dancers, inspiring experimentation and improvisation in every performance. Let’s dip into the origin, training, and features of this thrilling dance style.
Origin and Description
Lester Horton technique is named after its founder Lester Horton who was born in Indiana in 1906. This technique was developed in the early 1930s in California by Horton when he founded the Dance Theater of Los Angeles. It is a modern dance technique that is centered on the principles of both ballet and Native American dance. Horton believed that dance could communicate a wide range of ideas and emotions, and his technique aimed to develop the physical and emotional expression of the dancer.
The Release technique originated in the United States in the 1970s. It was developed by American dancer and choreographer, Joan Skinner who believed in the connection between the breath and the movement. The idea behind the technique is to release the tension in the muscles to achieve fluidity in the movement. The technique involves the dancer moving in and out of the floor smoothly and fluidly.
Graham technique is named after its creator, American dancer and choreographer, Martha Graham. The technique was developed in the 1920s and 1930s, and it was based on the idea that movement should reflect the inner emotions of the dancer. Graham believed that dance was a way to express the deepest human emotions, and her technique aimed to help dancers express those emotions through movement.
Limon technique is named after its creator, Jose Limon who was born in Mexico in 1908. Limon was a dancer and choreographer who moved to the United States in the 1920s. He developed his technique in the 1940s, and it was based on the principles of fall and recovery. The technique involved using the momentum of the fall to create a new movement.
Cunningham technique was developed by Merce Cunningham, an American dancer, and choreographer. The technique was created in the 1950s and 1960s and was based on the principles of chance in movement. Cunningham believed that dance should be free from any narrative or emotion, and his technique aimed to create movement without any intended meaning.
Contact Improvisation technique was developed by American dancers Steve Paxton and Nancy Stark Smith in the 1970s. The technique aims to explore the relationship between two dancers in a space without predetermined movements. The technique involves two dancers moving together in a spontaneous and fluid way based on touch and physical communication.
Axis Syllabus technique was developed by Frey Faust, an American dancer, and choreographer in the late 1990s. The technique is based on scientific principles of physics and anatomy. The technique aims to encourage dancers to be aware of their body, its movements, and limitations, and to move in an efficient and sustainable way.
The table below summarizes the origins and descriptions of the contemporary dance techniques.
| Technique | Origin | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lester Horton | California, USA | A modern dance technique based on both ballet and Native American dance principles |
| Release | United States | A technique centered on the connection between breath and movement to achieve fluidity in the movement |
| Graham | United States | A technique based on reflecting the inner emotions of the dancer through movement |
| Limon | USA/Mexico | A technique based on the principles of fall and recovery to create new movement |
| Cunningham | United States | A technique based on creating movement without any intended meaning or emotion |
| Contact Improvisation | United States | A technique based on spontaneous and fluid movement between two dancers in a shared space |
| Axis Syllabus | United States | A technique based on scientific principles of physics and anatomy to encourage efficient and sustainable movement |
Training
The training required for each contemporary dance technique is unique and specific, but all demand great physical and mental effort. Here are the training aspects for each technique:
Lester Horton technique:
– The technique emphasizes the use of the whole body in movement, including the arms and legs
– Training starts with a set of warm-ups and stretching exercises, then goes into choreography and technique work aimed at increasing strength and flexibility
– Horton technique also demands a focus on specific alignments, proper breathing, and a keen awareness of one’s own body
Release technique:
– The training for this technique starts with various exercises meant to relax the muscles and release tension
– Students work on finding comfort in stillness and letting their bodies naturally find movement
– The technique’s training aims to increase the range of motion and fluidity while exploring the connection between the breath and the body’s movements
Graham technique:
– The training for Graham technique involves significant floor work and exercises that emphasize core strength and control
– Students work on contracting and releasing the muscles in the torso and limbs to create sharp, powerful, and dynamic movements
– The technique’s training also focuses on the body’s relationship to gravity, with an emphasis on balance and control within off-balance movements
Limon technique:
– The training for Limon technique involves a lot of floor work and emphasizing weight shifts and the use of the spine
– Students work on creating fluid and expressive movements that connect the body with the breath and the emotions
– The technique’s training also emphasizes the use of space and exploring the full range of movement of the body.
Cunningham technique:
– The training for Cunningham technique involves a series of movement exercises that focus on isolation, control, and articulation
– Students work on creating movements that are free and natural, without resorting to traditional choreography or dance forms
– The technique’s training emphasizes the importance of developing an awareness of the body and its relationship to time and space
Contact Improvisation technique:
– The training for Contact Improvisation technique involves exploring collaborative movement and weight-sharing exercises
– Students learn to trust their instincts and become more aware of their partner’s movements and intentions
– The technique’s training aims to create dancers with an increased capacity for expressiveness, creativity and responsiveness
Axis Syllabus technique:
– The training for Axis Syllabus technique involves a scientific approach to understanding the body’s mechanics and natural movement patterns.
– Students learn to express themselves through movement while also developing greater control over their muscles and joints through repetitive exercises.
– The technique’s training aims to build a foundation for every dancer to improve their overall physical fitness and body awareness.
Features
Once you have understood the origin and the training methods of each contemporary dance technique, it is essential to note the features that each technique offers to its practitioners. Below is a summary of the key features of each technique:
Lester Horton technique:
- This technique is known for its emphasis on breath and fluidity of movement.
- The Horton technique focuses on the body’s natural alignment while engaging with the entire core, including the pelvic floor.
- Often characterized by spiraling movements, the Horton technique utilizes lateral stretches, release swings, and deep lunges in its choreography.
Release technique:
- One of the critical aspects of this technique is the practice of giving into gravity and finding organic movement patterns.
- The release technique involves opening up spaces within the body to move freely through space.
- This technique is characterized by a continuous flow of movements as opposed to isolating specific parts of the body.
Graham technique:
- The Graham technique emphasizes the controlled and deliberate contraction and release of muscles as a way of expressing emotion.
- This technique utilizes the concept of “contraction and release” to create a physical manifestation of the inner emotional state.
- The Graham technique heavily features floor work, as well as sharp and angular arm movements.
Limon technique:
- The Limon technique is known for its playful, dynamic approach to movement, often alternating between sudden and fragile motions.
- This technique prioritizes weight and balance, with an emphasis on both the rise and fall of movement patterns.
- The Limon Technique frequently incorporates modern dance styles, including ballet and jazz, to create a unique fusion of movement forms.
Cunningham technique:
- This technique utilizes chance methods to create movement, emphasizing a structured and systematic approach to choreography.
- The Cunningham technique is characterized by its formal and abstract movements, often creating a sense of detachment from emotional expression.
- This technique often features large jumps and quick directional changes while maintaining an emphasis on a grounded, centered body.
Contact Improvisation technique:
- This technique involves two or more dancers improvising movements as they engage with one another’s physical touch and weight.
- Contact improvisation relies on a sense of trust and connection between dancers to create a shared dance experience.
- This technique often emphasizes the use of gravity and momentum over pre-determined choreography.
Axis Syllabus technique:
- The Axis Syllabus technique emphasizes the study of anatomical principles to generate efficient and safe movement patterns.
- This technique is characterized by its incorporation of multiple movement styles, ranging from modern dance to martial arts and acrobatics.
- The Axis Syllabus technique often emphasizes proper breath control during the practice of complex and challenging movements.
Each contemporary dance technique provides its own unique features and benefits for those who practice them regularly. By understanding the features of each technique, dancers can develop a deeper appreciation for the depth and complexity of contemporary dance as an art form.
Axis Syllabus technique
As we delve deeper into the world of contemporary dance, we encounter yet another fascinating technique known as the Axis Syllabus. Developed in the late 20th century by dance artist Frey Faust, this technique blends anatomical knowledge, physics, and movement practices from various disciplines to create a unique approach to dance. Let’s take a closer look at the origins, training methods, and features of the Axis Syllabus technique.
Origin and Description
Lester Horton technique
The Lester Horton Technique was created by Lester Horton in the early 1900s. It is considered to be one of the earliest forms of American contemporary dance. Horton was inspired by Native American dances and created a technique that incorporated a variety of elements. The technique emphasizes strong, grounded movements, and a focus on the pelvis as the center of movement.
Release technique
The Release Technique has its origins in the work of modern dance pioneers such as Martha Graham and Doris Humphrey. It was developed in the 1970s by Terry Sendgraff and other dancers from the Bay Area of California. The technique emphasizes fluidity and release of tension in the body. Dancers often use spiral and wave-like movements and focus on the connections between different parts of the body.
Graham technique
The Graham Technique was developed by Martha Graham in the early 1900s. The technique emphasizes the use of the breath to create dynamic movements. Graham also believed in the importance of a strong center, and dancers often use contractions and spirals to create powerful, expressive movements.
Limon technique
The Limon Technique was created by Jose Limon in the 1940s. Limon was interested in creating a technique that emphasized weight and the use of gravity in movement. The technique focuses on the use of breath and proper alignment to achieve fluid, dynamic movements. Dancers often use suspension and release to create a sense of momentum in their movements.
Cunningham technique
The Cunningham Technique was developed by Merce Cunningham in the mid-1900s. The technique is known for its emphasis on chance and randomness in movement. Dancers often perform movements in non-linear patterns and with unexpected timing. The technique also emphasizes the use of the whole body, with a focus on isolation and control of individual body parts.
Contact Improvisation technique
The Contact Improvisation Technique has its origins in the 1970s. It was developed by Steve Paxton and other dancers who were interested in exploring new ways of moving together. The technique emphasizes weight-sharing and touch as a means of communication between dancers. Dancers often improvise movements and use gravity to create fluid, flowing movements.
Axis Syllabus technique
The Axis Syllabus Technique was developed in the 1990s by dance artist and researcher Frey Faust. The technique incorporates principles from a variety of movement disciplines, including anatomy, biomechanics, and physiology. The technique emphasizes the use of proper alignment and efficient movement patterns to reduce the risk of injury and improve overall movement quality.
Training
The training process for each contemporary dance technique varies, but there are some overarching similarities. Here are some of the key components of training for each of the techniques discussed in this article:
Lester Horton technique:
- Warm-Up: Typically starts with low-impact exercises to increase flexibility and strength.
- Isolations: Used to isolate and move specific parts of the body to build control and awareness of each movement.
- Progressions: Choreographed combinations of movements that build on each other to increase range of motion and fluidity of movement.
- Classical Techniques: Incorporates ballet and other classical techniques into the training to help develop proper posture, alignment, and fluidity.
Release technique:
- Breathing: Emphasis on mindful breathing to help connect movements and create flow.
- Exploring Gravity: Focuses on understanding how to work with gravity to create seamless transitions between movements.
- Exercises on the Floor: Uses floor work to explore movement relationships between the body and the floor, with the aim of finding new ways of moving.
- Improvisation: Encourages students to explore and experiment with their own unique style of movement in a supportive, non-judgmental environment.
Graham technique:
- Centering: Focuses on connecting breathing to centering the body and building strength in the core.
- Balance Study: Incorporates movements that challenge balance and build core strength.
- Contraction and Release: Uses muscular contractions and releases to build dynamic movement sequences.
- Floor Work: Includes movements on the floor to build fluidity of movement and explore new ways of moving.
Limon technique:
- Weight Shifts: Focuses on understanding weight shifts and how they can be used to generate movement.
- Circular Movements: Incorporates circular movements to help increase fluidity and the connection between movements.
- Breathing: Emphasis on mindful breathing to help connect movements and create flow.
- Partner Work: Incorporates partnering exercises to build trust and explore movement possibilities with a partner.
Cunningham technique:
- Isolations: Used to isolate and move specific parts of the body to build control and awareness of each movement.
- Sequencing: Choreographed movements that build on each other to create more complex sequences.
- Breath: Emphasis on mindful breathing to help connect movements and create flow.
- Use of Chance: Incorporates chance elements to introduce unpredictability and spontaneity into the movement process.
Contact Improvisation technique:
- Partnering: Emphasis on partnering exercises that focus on weight sharing, balance, and trust.
- Exploration: Encourages students to explore the tactile and physical aspects of movement, as well as dynamics such as speed and force.
- Flow: Emphasis on creating a seamless flow of movement between partners.
- Improvisation: Encourages students to explore and experiment with their own unique style of movement with a partner.
Axis Syllabus technique:
- Anatomy: Incorporates understanding of the body’s anatomy and kinesiology to help prevent injury and increase effectiveness of movement.
- Physics: Emphasis on understanding the physical principles of movement, such as weight, force, and torque.
- Sensory Awareness: Encourages students to develop a deeper awareness of their own body and movement possibilities through proprioception and sensory feedback.
- Sequencing: Incorporates choreographed sequences of movements to build fluidity and explore new ways of moving.
Features
Features of each contemporary dance technique vary based on its origin, philosophy, and training methods.
| Technique | Features |
|---|---|
| Lester Horton technique | The technique emphasizes the whole body’s strength, flexibility, and coordination while also utilizing elements of Native American dances. Movements are often based on geometric shapes and used with great athleticism. |
| Release technique | The technique emphasizes the release of tension in the body, allowing for a more fluid and natural movement. the movement tends to be more grounded and less vertical, often using spirals, tilts, and swings. |
| Graham technique | The technique involves contraction and release of muscles, which creates a push-and-pull dynamic in the body. The movement’s emphasis is on core strength and torso work, often using sharp and angular movements with sudden pauses or falls. The technique also utilizes breath to add an emotional quality to the movements. |
| Limon technique | The technique emphasizes the dancer’s natural weight, balance, and momentum, which leads to fluid and expressive movements. The dancer’s arms are often used to connect the upper and lower body while maintaining clear lines and shapes. |
| Cunningham technique | The technique emphasizes the use of all parts of the body, often requiring each part of the body to move separately. The dancer’s movements are angular and sharp, showing an interest in the relationship between time, space, and energy. |
| Contact Improvisation | The technique emphasizes the connection between two or more dancers, often using touch and body weight to create movements. Movements are often improvised and organic, relying on sensory input, spatial awareness, and non-verbal communication. |
| Axis Syllabus technique | The technique is based on scientific and anatomical principles, emphasizing safety and efficiency in movement. The technique utilizes a diverse range of movements from various styles and cultures, often requiring the dancer to move through multiple levels, directions, and qualities of movement. |
Contemporary dance techniques allow dancers to explore movement and expression in unique and individual ways. Dancers can choose which technique resonates with them and use it as a tool for creative expression.
Conclusion
After exploring the different techniques used in contemporary dance, it becomes evident that each style has its own unique characteristics and methodologies. Whether it’s the fluidity of Release technique or the controlled breathing of the Graham technique, each technique requires a great deal of dedication, practice, and patience to master.
Despite the differences in approach and training, all contemporary dance techniques emphasize the importance of body awareness and expression. The fusion of various dance forms and movement styles in contemporary dance has created a dynamic art form that continues to evolve and grow.
In conclusion, contemporary dance presents a vast array of techniques, each with its distinct history, theory, and methodology. As performers and dance enthusiasts continue to explore and experiment with these techniques, they will undoubtedly create new and exciting ways to express themselves through movement. The future of contemporary dance holds endless possibilities, and it will be exciting to see how the art form develops and evolves in the coming years.
Preguntas frecuentes
What is the difference between contemporary dance and modern dance?
Modern dance is a broad term that encompasses different styles developed in the early 20th century. Contemporary dance is a fusion of different techniques and styles developed from the 1950s to the present.
Do I need to have prior dance experience to learn contemporary dance?
No, most contemporary dance techniques are open to beginners, but a background in dance or any other physical training can be beneficial.
What is the aim of contemporary dance?
The main aim of contemporary dance is to express emotions and ideas through movement, exploring the body’s possibilities and breaking away from traditional dance conventions.
What is the difference between the Horton and Graham techniques?
The Horton technique focuses on strength, flexibility, and fluidity, while the Graham technique uses contraction and release of muscles to create a dynamic range of movement.
Can I learn contemporary dance online?
Yes, there are various online platforms that offer contemporary dance classes, but it’s recommended to have some prior dance or physical training before starting.
How long does it take to learn a contemporary dance technique?
It depends on the individual’s physical abilities and dedication, but it typically takes several months to a year of regular practice to master a contemporary dance technique.
What are some common features of contemporary dance?
Contemporary dance often includes floor work, improvisation, partnering, and focus on breathing and authentic movement.
What is contact improvisation?
Contact improvisation is a contemporary dance technique that involves exploring weight-sharing and movement improvisation with a partner.
What is the Axis Syllabus technique?
The Axis Syllabus is a movement system that focuses on injury prevention and functional movement, drawing from biomechanics and anatomy.
Is contemporary dance only for young people?
No, contemporary dance can be practiced by people of all ages and physical abilities, as long as they train safely and within their limitations.